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<title>Химична връзка</title>
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<wx:section level="1" title="Химична връзка" id="wxsec1"><h1 class="pagetitle" id="wx1">Химична връзка</h1>

<p id="wx2"><b id="wx3">Химичната връзка</b> представлява връзката, която се осъществява между атомите или между йоните във веществата. Химичната връзка се осъществява чрез обща електронна двойка. Основна причина при свързването на атомите е понижаването на енергията им в хода на взаимодействието, защото телата с по — ниска енергия са по — стабилни, по-устойчиви.</p>

<p id="wx4"><b id="wx5"><a href="/wbg/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Водород" wx:page_id="49097" id="wx6">H</a> + H → H<sub id="wx7">2</sub> + Q</b></p>

<p id="wx8">Един от основните проблеми на съвременната <a href="/wbg/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Химия" wx:page_id="3098" id="wx9">химия</a> е изясняване на природата на различните взаимодействия между <a href="/wbg/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Атом" wx:page_id="3942" id="wx10">атомите</a>, същността на химичната връзка. Решаването на този въпрос позволява да се обясни голямото разнообразие на <a href="/wbg/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Химично съединение" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Химично_съединение" wx:page_id="123258" id="wx11">химичните съединения</a>, на техните свойства и на <a href="/wbg/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" class="new" title="Реактивност" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Реактивност" id="wx12">реакционната</a> им способност.</p>

<p id="wx13">Създаването на съвременна теория за химичната връзка стана възможно едва след изясняването на строежа на <a href="/wbg/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="new" title="Елекрон" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Елекрон" id="wx14">елекронната</a> <a href="/wbg/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="new" title="Електронна обвивка" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Електронна_обвивка" id="wx15">обвивка</a> на атомите на <a href="/wbg/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Химичен елемент" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Химичен_елемент" wx:page_id="49183" id="wx16">химичните елементи</a>. Утвърдена беше представата за електричната природа на силите, обуславящи химичното сродство между атомите и възникването на химична връзка.</p>

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<wx:section level="2" title="Вижте още" id="wxsec2"><h2 id="wx17">Вижте още</h2>

<ul id="wx18">
<li id="wx19"><a href="/wbg/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Йонна химична връзка" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Йонна_химична_връзка" wx:page_id="25722" id="wx20">Йонна химична връзка</a></li>

<li id="wx21"><a href="/wbg/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ковалентна химична връзка" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Ковалентна_химична_връзка" wx:page_id="26734" id="wx22">Ковалентна химична връзка</a></li>

<li id="wx23"><a href="/wbg/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Метална връзка" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Метална_връзка" wx:page_id="84278" id="wx24">Метална връзка</a></li>

<li id="wx25"><a href="/wbg/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Метод на валентните връзки" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Метод_на_валентните_връзки" wx:page_id="25808" id="wx26">Метод на валентните връзки</a></li>

<li id="wx27"><a href="/wbg/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Метод на молекулните орбитали" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Метод_на_молекулните_орбитали" wx:page_id="25809" id="wx28">Метод на молекулните орбитали</a></li>
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На други езици: <a href="http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ar:رابطة_كيميائية" id="wx32">العربية</a> | <a href="http://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_veza" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="bs:Hemijska_veza" id="wx33">Bosanski</a> | <a href="http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlla%C3%A7_qu%C3%ADmic" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ca:Enllaç_químic" id="wx34">Català</a> | <a href="http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_vazba" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="cs:Chemická_vazba" id="wx35">Česky</a> | <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_Bindung" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="de:Chemische_Bindung" id="wx36">Deutsch</a> | <a href="http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="el:Χημικός_δεσμός" id="wx37">Ελληνικά</a> | <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="en:Chemical_bond" id="wx38">English</a> | <a href="http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_ligo" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="eo:Kemia_ligo" id="wx39">Esperanto</a> | <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_qu%C3%ADmico" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="es:Enlace_químico" id="wx40">Español</a> | <a href="http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiline_side" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="et:Keemiline_side" id="wx41">Eesti</a> | <a href="http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="fa:پیوند_شیمیایی" id="wx42">فارسی</a> | <a href="http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiallinen_sidos" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="fi:Kemiallinen_sidos" id="wx43">Suomi</a> | <a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_chimique" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="fr:Liaison_chimique" id="wx44">Français</a> | <a href="http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%A8_%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="he:קשר_כימי" id="wx45">עברית</a> | <a href="http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_k%C3%B6t%C3%A9s" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="hu:Kémiai_kötés" id="wx46">Magyar</a> | <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_kimia" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="id:Ikatan_kimia" id="wx47">Bahasa Indonesia</a> | <a href="http://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_ligo" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="io:Kemia_ligo" id="wx48">Ido</a> | <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legame_chimico" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="it:Legame_chimico" id="wx49">Italiano</a> | <a href="http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%B5%90%E5%90%88" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ja:化学結合" id="wx50">日本語</a> | <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99_%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ko:화학_결합" id="wx51">한국어</a> | <a href="http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinculum_chemicum" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="la:Vinculum_chemicum" id="wx52">Latina</a> | <a href="http://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligamm_Chimich" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="lmo:Ligamm_Chimich" id="wx53">Lumbaart</a> | <a href="http://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminis_ry%C5%A1ys" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="lt:Cheminis_ryšys" id="wx54">Lietuvių</a> | <a href="http://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmisk%C4%81_saite" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="lv:Ķīmiskā_saite" id="wx55">Latviešu</a> | <a href="http://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="mk:Хемиска_врска" id="wx56">Македонски</a> | <a href="http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_kimia" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ms:Ikatan_kimia" id="wx57">Bahasa Melayu</a> | <a href="http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_binding" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="nl:Chemische_binding" id="wx58">Nederlands</a> | <a href="http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemisk_binding" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="nn:Kjemisk_binding" id="wx59">Norsk (nynorsk)</a> | <a href="http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemiske_bindinger" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="no:Kjemiske_bindinger" id="wx60">Norsk (bokmål)</a> | <a href="http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi%C4%85zanie_chemiczne" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="pl:Wiązanie_chemiczne" id="wx61">Polski</a> | <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_qu%C3%ADmica" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="pt:Ligação_química" id="wx62">Português</a> | <a href="http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leg%C4%83tur%C4%83_chimic%C4%83" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ro:Legătură_chimică" id="wx63">Română</a> | <a href="http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ru:Химическая_связь" id="wx64">Русский</a> | <a href="http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijska_veza" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sh:Hemijska_veza" id="wx65">Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски</a> | <a href="http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="simple:Chemical_bond" id="wx66">Simple English</a> | <a href="http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_v%C3%A4zba" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sk:Chemická_väzba" id="wx67">Slovenčina</a> | <a href="http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijska_vez" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sl:Kemijska_vez" id="wx68">Slovenščina</a> | <a href="http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sr:Хемијска_веза" id="wx69">Српски / Srpski</a> | <a href="http://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beungkeut_kimia" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="su:Beungkeut_kimia" id="wx70">Basa Sunda</a> | <a href="http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisk_bindning" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sv:Kemisk_bindning" id="wx71">Svenska</a> | <a href="http://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ta:வேதியியற்_பிணைப்பு" id="wx72">தமிழ்</a> | <a href="http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="th:พันธะเคมี" id="wx73">ไทย</a> | <a href="http://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawing_kimikal" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="tl:Kawing_kimikal" id="wx74">Tagalog</a> | <a href="http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyasal_ba%C4%9Flar" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="tr:Kimyasal_bağlar" id="wx75">Türkçe</a> | <a href="http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%27%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BA" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="uk:Хімічний_зв'язок" id="wx76">Українська</a> | <a href="http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="vi:Liên_kết_hóa_học" id="wx77">Tiếng Việt</a> | <a href="http://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="yi:כעמישער_בונד" id="wx78">ייִדיש</a> | <a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="zh:化学键" id="wx79">中文</a></div>
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