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<wx:section level="1" title="Gjær" id="wxsec1"><h1 class="pagetitle" id="wx1">Gjær</h1>

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<p id="wx7">Denne artikkelen trenger en opprydning. Du kan hjelpe Wikipedia med å <a href="http://wno/wno/index.php?title=Gj%C3%A6r&amp;action=edit" class="external text" wx:linktype="external" rel="nofollow" id="wx8">forbedre</a> og <a href="/wno/Wikipedia:Stilmanual/Organismer" title="Wikipedia:Stilmanual/Organismer" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Wikipedia:Stilmanual/Organismer" id="wx9">standardisere</a> den, f.eks. ved å sette inn eller komplettere en <a href="/wno/Wikipedia:Taksoboks" title="Wikipedia:Taksoboks" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Wikipedia:Taksoboks" id="wx10">taksoboks</a>.</p>
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<th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#66cc33" id="wx13"><font id="wx14"><b id="wx15">Gjær</b></font> </th>
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<tr id="wx16">
<td colspan="2" align="center" id="wx17"><a href="/wno/Bilde:Yeast_cell.svg" title="En gjærcelle" wx:linktype="image" wx:pagename="Bilde:Yeast_cell.svg" id="wx18"><img src="/wno/Bilde:Yeast_cell.svg" alt="En gjærcelle" width="260" id="wx19"/></a><br id="wx20"/>
<small id="wx21">En gjærcelle</small> </td>
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<tr id="wx22">
<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" nowrap="nowrap" id="wx23"><a href="/wno/Nomenklatur_%28biologi%29" title="Nomenklatur (biologi)" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Nomenklatur_(biologi)" wx:page_id="30882" id="wx24">Vitenskapelig(e)<br id="wx25"/>
navn</a>
<p id="wx26">:</p>
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<td id="wx27"><i id="wx28"><b id="wx29">Saccharomyces</b></i> </td>
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<p id="wx32">Norsk(e) navn:</p>
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<td id="wx33">
<p id="wx34">gjær,<br id="wx35"/>
gjærsopp</p>
</td>
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<tr id="wx36">
<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" id="wx37"><a href="/wno/Gruppe_%28biologi%29#Overordnede_og_delgrupper" title="Gruppe (biologi)" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Gruppe_(biologi)" wx:page_id="20897" wx:fragment="Overordnede_og_delgrupper" id="wx38">Hører til</a>
<p id="wx39">:</p>
</td>
<td id="wx40"><a href="/wno/Saccharomycetales" class="new" title="Saccharomycetales" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Saccharomycetales" id="wx41">Saccharomycetales</a>
<p id="wx42">,<br id="wx43"/>
<a href="/wno/Saccharomycetaceae" class="new" title="Saccharomycetaceae" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Saccharomycetaceae" id="wx44">Saccharomycetaceae</a>,<br id="wx45"/>
<a href="/wno/Saccharomycetes" class="new" title="Saccharomycetes" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Saccharomycetes" id="wx46">Saccharomycetes</a>,<br id="wx47"/>
?<br id="wx48"/>
<a href="/wno/Eukaryoter" title="Eukaryoter" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Eukaryoter" wx:page_id="46229" id="wx49">eukaryoter</a></p>
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<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" id="wx51"><a href="/wno/Art#Artstall" title="Art" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Art" wx:page_id="20308" wx:fragment="Artstall" id="wx52">Antall arter</a>
<p id="wx53">:</p>
</td>
<td id="wx54">
<p id="wx55">over tusen</p>
</td>
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<tr id="wx56">
<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" id="wx57"><a href="/wno/Habitat" title="Habitat" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Habitat" wx:page_id="47903" id="wx58">Habitat</a>
<p id="wx59">:</p>
</td>
<td id="wx60"/>
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<tr id="wx61">
<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" id="wx62">
<p id="wx63">Utbredelse:</p>
</td>
<td id="wx64">
<p id="wx65">overalt</p>
</td>
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<tr id="wx66">
<td valign="top" bgcolor="#ccff99" id="wx67"><a href="/wno/Gruppe_%28biologi%29#Overordnede_og_delgrupper" title="Gruppe (biologi)" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Gruppe_(biologi)" wx:page_id="20897" wx:fragment="Overordnede_og_delgrupper" id="wx68">Delgrupper</a>
<p id="wx69">:</p>
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<p id="wx71"><b id="wx72">Gjær</b> er en fellesbetegnelse på ulike <a href="/wno/Encellet_organisme" title="Encellet organisme" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Encellet_organisme" wx:page_id="76044" id="wx73">encellede</a> <a href="/wno/Sopper" title="Sopper" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Sopper" wx:page_id="34493" id="wx74">sopper</a> med <a href="/wno/Cellekjerne" title="Cellekjerne" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Cellekjerne" wx:page_id="131434" id="wx75">cellekjerne</a>. De er mellom 5-10 micrometer. Det finnes over tusen forskjellige <a href="/wno/Art" title="Art" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Art" wx:page_id="20308" id="wx76">arter</a> av gjær; den mest brukte gjærarten er <i id="wx77"><a href="/wno/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae" class="new" title="Saccharomyces cerevisiae" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Saccharomyces_cerevisiae" id="wx78">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a></i>.</p>

<p id="wx79">Gjær er en levende <a href="/wno/Sopp" title="Sopp" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Sopp" wx:page_id="52488" id="wx80">sopp</a>. Som alt annet levende trenger gjærsoppen mat, vann og <a href="/wno/Oksygen" title="Oksygen" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Oksygen" wx:page_id="4741" id="wx81">oksygen</a>. I en deig får gjærsoppen mat fra stivelsen i melet, vann får den fra deigvæsken, og oksygen får den ved at deigen blir knadd.</p>

<p id="wx82">Gjær puster ut CO2. Gassen gjør at deigen hever en del. I tillegg til mat, vann og oksygen trenger gjærsoppenen temperatur på 28 til 38 grader.</p>

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<a href="/wno/index.php?title=Spesial:Categories&amp;article=Gj%C3%A6r" title="Spesial:Categories" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Spesial:Categories" id="wx92">Kategorier</a>: <span dir="ltr" id="wx93"><a href="/wno/Kategori:Taksopprydning" title="Kategori:Taksopprydning" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Kategori:Taksopprydning" wx:page_id="34763" id="wx94">Taksopprydning</a></span> | <span dir="ltr" id="wx95"><a href="/wno/Kategori:Opprydning_2008-12" class="new" title="Kategori:Opprydning 2008-12" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Kategori:Opprydning_2008-12" id="wx96">Opprydning 2008-12</a></span> | <span dir="ltr" id="wx97"><a href="/wno/Kategori:Stubber_2008-12" class="new" title="Kategori:Stubber 2008-12" wx:linktype="unknown" wx:pagename="Kategori:Stubber_2008-12" id="wx98">Stubber 2008-12</a></span> | <span dir="ltr" id="wx99"><a href="/wno/Kategori:Sopp" title="Kategori:Sopp" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Kategori:Sopp" wx:page_id="40446" id="wx100">Sopp</a></span> | <span dir="ltr" id="wx101"><a href="/wno/Kategori:Matingredienser" title="Kategori:Matingredienser" wx:linktype="known" wx:pagename="Kategori:Matingredienser" wx:page_id="44175" id="wx102">Matingredienser</a></span></div>
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Andre språk: <a href="http://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%88%BE" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="am:እርሾ" id="wx103">አማርኛ</a> | <a href="http://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleldu" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ast:Lleldu" id="wx104">Asturianu</a> | <a href="http://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="bn:ইস্ট" id="wx105">বাংলা</a> | <a href="http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rent" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ca:Rent" id="wx106">Català</a> | <a href="http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvasinky" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="cs:Kvasinky" id="wx107">Česky</a> | <a href="http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A6rsvamp" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="da:Gærsvamp" id="wx108">Dansk</a> | <a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hefen" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="de:Hefen" id="wx109">Deutsch</a> | <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="en:Yeast" id="wx110">English</a> | <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levadura" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="es:Levadura" id="wx111">Español</a> | <a href="http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisto" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="eo:Gisto" id="wx112">Esperanto</a> | <a href="http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legami" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="eu:Legami" id="wx113">Euskara</a> | <a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levure" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="fr:Levure" id="wx114">Français</a> | <a href="http://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirm" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="gd:Beirm" id="wx115">Gàidhlig</a> | <a href="http://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9vedo" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="gl:Lévedo" id="wx116">Galego</a> | <a href="http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9A%A8%EB%AA%A8" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ko:효모" id="wx117">한국어</a> | <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragi" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="id:Ragi" id="wx118">Bahasa Indonesia</a> | <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lievito" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="it:Lievito" id="wx119">Italiano</a> | <a href="http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="he:שמרים" id="wx120">עברית</a> | <a href="http://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miel%C4%97s" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="lt:Mielės" id="wx121">Lietuvių</a> | <a href="http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89leszt%C5%91" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="hu:Élesztő" id="wx122">Magyar</a> | <a href="http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gist" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="nl:Gist" id="wx123">Nederlands</a> | <a href="http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ja:酵母" id="wx124">日本語</a> | <a href="http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gj%C3%A6r" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="nn:Gjær" id="wx125">Norsk (nynorsk)</a> | <a href="http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dro%C5%BCd%C5%BCe" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="pl:Drożdże" id="wx126">Polski</a> | <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levedura" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="pt:Levedura" id="wx127">Português</a> | <a href="http://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qunchu" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="qu:Qunchu" id="wx128">Runa Simi</a> | <a href="http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B6%D0%B8" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="ru:Дрожжи" id="wx129">Русский</a> | <a href="http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvas" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sl:Kvas" id="wx130">Slovenščina</a> | <a href="http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiivat" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="fi:Hiivat" id="wx131">Suomi</a> | <a href="http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4st" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="sv:Jäst" id="wx132">Svenska</a> | <a href="http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="th:ยีสต์" id="wx133">ไทย</a> | <a href="http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_%28sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt%29" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="vi:Men_(sinh_vật)" id="wx134">Tiếng Việt</a> | <a href="http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_%28biyoloji%29" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="tr:Maya_(biyoloji)" id="wx135">Türkçe</a> | <a href="http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="uk:Дріжджі" id="wx136">Українська</a> | <a href="http://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yesse" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="wa:Yesse" id="wx137">Walon</a> | <a href="http://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="yi:הייוון" id="wx138">ייִדיש</a> | <a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D" class="external" wx:linktype="interwiki" wx:pagename="zh:酵母" id="wx139">中文</a></div>
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gjærsopp</p>
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